Restriction: Restricted to Freshman level students. Term offered: fall. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Restriction: Restricted to Freshman level students

Typically Offered: Fall.

Introduces the process of science, gene expression, biological diversity, evolution, and ecology. Highlights applications to contemporary issues. Lecture and lab course. Note: For students who are not majoring in biology. Biology and health career majors should not take this course. Students may not receive credit for this course if they have already received credit forBIOL 2010(2051) andBIOL 2020(2061). Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 4 Credits. GT: Course is approved by the Colorado Dept of Higher Education for statewide guaranteed transfer, GT-SC1

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Additional Information: GT courses GT Pathways, GT-SC1, Nat Phy Sci:Course w/Req Lab; Denver Core Requirement, Biol Phys Sci - Lec/Lab.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Introduces the process of science, cell structure and function, survey of representative human and plant systems, and genetics. Highlights applications to contemporary issues. Lecture and lab course. Note: For students who are not majoring in biology. Biology and health career majors should not take this course. Students may not receive credit for this course if they have already received credit forBIOL 2010(2051) andBIOL 2020(2061). Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 4 Credits. GT: Course is approved by the Colorado Dept of Higher Education for statewide guaranteed transfer, GT-SC1.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Additional Information: Denver Core Requirement, Biol Phys Sci - Lec/Lab; GT courses GT Pathways, GT-SC1, Nat Phy Sci:Course w/Req Lab.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Introduces four major areas of study: (1) evolution,(2) animal structure and function, (3) plant structure and function and (4) ecology. Note: This class is intended for students planning to take upper division biology courses and for biology majors. Biology majors and pre-health career students must also take the accompanying laboratoryBIOL 2011. No co-credit withBIOL 2030(2097) or BIOL 2061. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 3 Credits. GT: Course is approved by the Colorado Dept of Higher Education for statewide guaranteed transfer, GT-SC2.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Additional Information: Denver Core Requirement, Biol Phys Sci - Lec; GT courses GT Pathways, GT-SC2, Nat Phy Sci:Lec w/o Req Lab.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Investigations, observations, and experiments in evolution, bioinformatics, ecology, and animal behavior, anatomy, and physiology; requires off-campus field work. Note: This class is intended for students planning to take upper division biology courses and for biology majors. Students are strongly encouraged to takeBIOL 2010concurrently or before they take this course. No co-credit withBIOL 2031(2098) or BIOL 2081. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 1 Credits. GT: Course is approved by the Colorado Dept of Higher Education for statewide guaranteed transfer, GT-SC1.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Additional Information: GT courses GT Pathways, GT-SC1, Nat Phy Sci:Course w/Req Lab; Denver Core Requirement, Biol Phys Sci - Lab.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Introduces four major areas of study: (1) the chemistry of biological systems; (2) the structure and function of the cell; (3) cellular energy transformations (photosynthesis and respiration); and (4) genetics (mitosis, meiosis, patterns of inheritance, molecular genetics). Note: This class is intended for students planning to take upper division biology courses and for biology majors. Biology majors and pre-health career students must also take the accompanying laboratoryBIOL 2021. Prereq:BIOL 2010(2061) orBIOL 2030(2097) with a C- or higher. No co-credit withBIOL 2040(2095) or BIOL 2051. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 3 Credits. GT: Course is approved by the Colorado Dept of Higher Education for statewide guaranteed transfer, GT-SC2.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(2061) orBIOL 2030(2097) with a C- or higher.

Additional Information: GT courses GT Pathways, GT-SC2, Nat Phy Sci:Lec w/o Req Lab; Denver Core Requirement, Biol Phys Sci - Lec.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Introduces the basic scientific approach through investigations, observations, and experiments in cell biology, basic biochemical techniques, genetics, molecular genetics and applications of biotechnology. Note: This class is intended for students planning to take upper division biology courses and for biology majors. Prereq:BIOL 2010(2061) orBIOL 2030(2097) with a C- or higher. No co-credit withBIOL 2041(2096) or BIOL 2071. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 1 Credit. GT: Course is approved by the Colorado Dept of Higher Education for statewide guaranteed transfer, GT-SC1.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(2061) orBIOL 2030(2097) with a C- or higher.

Additional Information: GT courses GT Pathways, GT-SC1, Nat Phy Sci:Course w/Req Lab; Denver Core Requirement, Biol Phys Sci - Lab.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

荣誉课程仅限于学生BA /水平BS/MD, Denver Bound and UNHL programs. Introduces four major areas of study: evolution, animal structure/function, plant structure/function, and ecology. Restriction: Restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. Instructor permission required. No co-credit withBIOL 2010(2061) or BIOL 2097. Term offered: fall. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Restriction: Restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences

Typically Offered: Fall.

荣誉课程仅限于学生BA /水平BS/MD, Denver Bound and UHL programs. Advanced study of evolution, plant and animal anatomy, developmental biology and includes two off-campus ecology field trips. Restriction: Restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. No co-credit withBIOL 2011(2081) or BIOL 2098. Term offered: fall. Max hours: 1 Credit.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Restriction: Restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences

Typically Offered: Fall.

荣誉课程仅限于学生BA /水平BS/MD, Denver Bound and UNHL programs. Four major topics covered: the chemistry of biological systems, the structure/function of the cell, cellular energy transformations and genetics. Prereq:BIOL 2010(2061) orBIOL 2030(2097) with a C- or higher. Restriction: Restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences(student group BH01). Instructor permission required. No co-credit withBIOL 2020(2051) or BIOL 2095. Term offered: spring. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prerequisite:BIOL 2010(2061) orBIOL 2030(2097) with a grade of C- or higher Restriction: Restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences(student group BH01)

Typically Offered: Spring.

荣誉课程仅限于学生BA /水平BS/MD, Denver Bound and UNHL programs. Introduces the basic scientific approach and report preparation through exercises and experiments in cell biology, basic biomedical techniques, genetics, molecular genetics and applications of biotechnology. Instructor permission required. Prereq:BIOL 2011(2081) orBIOL 2031(2098)与C -级或嗨gher. Restriction: restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences(student group BH01). No co-credit withBIOL 2021(2071) or BIOL 2096. Term offered: spring. Max hours: 1 Credit.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prerequisite:BIOL 2011(2081) orBIOL 2031(2098)与C -级或嗨gher Restriction: Restricted to Biology honors students within the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences(student group BH01)

Typically Offered: Spring.

Student will contribute to ongoing faculty or graduate student's lab or field-based investigation that makes an original intellectual or creative contribution to the discipline. Associated coursework includes scientific reading/writing/presentation(s). Note: registration by special processing form only. Prereq: Students must have completed one year of general biology with a grade of “C-” or higher and must submit a special processing form completely filled out and signed by the student and faculty member, describing the course expectations, assignments and outcomes, to the CLAS undergraduate advising office for approval. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Repeatable. Max Hours: 9 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 9.

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Experiences involving application of specific, relevant concepts and skills in supervised employment situations. Prereq: Students must have completed 15 hours of BIOL courses with a 2.75 GPA and must work with Experiential Learning Center advising to complete a course contract and gain approval. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Repeatable. Max Hours: 9 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 9.

Prereq: 15 hours of BIOL courses with a 2.75 GPA in BIOL courses

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Designed for Students who are interested in working in a professional biology laboratory. Covers improvement of manual dexterity skills, understanding common laboratory apparatus and handling biological macromolecules and living cells. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher. Max Hours: 1 Credit.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher.

Comprehensive study of anatomy and physiology of human reproduction. Embryogenesis of male and female reproductive systems and detailed analysis of contraception, world population growth, population control and implications of population growth are also covered. Note: Students will not receive credit for this class if they have already received credit for BIOL 4074. Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

Interdisciplinary course on relationships between behavior and heredity, with emphasis on human behavioral genetics. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Cross-listed with PSYC 3104. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Provides an understanding of the structure and function of genetic material, with respect to the regulation of gene expression and protein synthesis. Emphasizes eukaryotic systems and understanding the significance of contemporary laboratory-based research. Prereq:BIOL 3832with a grade of C- or higher. Term offered: fall. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3832with a C- or higher

Typically Offered: Fall.

Periodic examination of current topics in the field of biology. (See Schedule Planner for current topics). Repeatable. Max hours: 9 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 9.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring.

Periodic examination of current topics in the field of biology. (See Schedule Planner for current topics). Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030) andBIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031) andBIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040) andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Max hours: 15 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 15.

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030) andBIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031) andBIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040) andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

The basic orientation of the course is toward understanding the functioning of the body as a set of homeostatic mechanisms. Particular emphasis is placed on membrane potentials, muscle, circulation, respiration, digestion, the kidney, the control of metabolism and acid-based balance. Note: This is a combined lecture and lab course. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring. Max hours: 4 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring.

This course introduces structural aspects of the human body from a systems-based approach, in both lecture and laboratory. The systems addressed include the integument, skeletal, muscular, nervous, digestive, respiratory, circulatory, immune, renal, reproductive and endocrine systems. Anatomical models, microscope slides and human cadavers are used in lab. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring. Max hours: 5 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring.

Surveys all major plant groups using evolutionary and ecological principles to interpret patterns of diversity in form and function. Topics include reproduction and life cycles, adaptations and ecological interactions, paleobotany and biogeography, classification and taxonomy and evolution. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

A lecture course that examines the interrelationships between organisms and their environments. Subject matter includes organism, population and ecosystem levels of study and application to current environmental issues. The emphasis is on the underlying principles of ecology that involve all types of organisms. Note: Satisfies core ecology requirement for biology major. May not be used as upper division biology elective. No co-credit with BIOL 3412. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Provides hands-on experiences in ecology and appreciation for using research tools to study ecological systems. Students will learn a wide range of techniques and concepts related to population, community, ecosystem, urban, and physiological ecology. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, or be concurrently enrolled inBIOL 3411in order to enroll in this course. Max hours: 2 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq or Co-req:BIOL 3411with a C- or higher

Introduction to the processes and patterns of evolution. Topics include: history of evolutionary thought, origin of life, evidence for evolution , phylogenetics, evolutionary genetics, natural selection and other evolutionary forces, speciation and biodiversity , evolution of sexual reproduction and social organization. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

The Subphylum Vertebrata consists of fish, amphibians, reptiles, birds and mammals--some of the most fascinating and most threatened species on earth. This course covers the evolution, taxonomy, anatomy, physiology, ecology and conservation of these organisms. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

This course is designed to provide a foundation in parasitology and to improve skills in scientific writing to students interested in biodiversity, veterinarian medicine, public health, & health care. Prokaryotes are addressed briefly; the focus of this course is the natural history of 'traditional' eukaryotic parasites. Topics include evolutionary associations of parasites with plants and animals (including humans), modes of transmission, and general life cycles. Subject matter includes basic anatomy, epidemiology, and physiology, with a brief introduction to immunology. Note: may be used as an upper-division biology elective. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Covers the structure and function of the cell including bioenergetics, membranes, secretion, respiration and the cell cycle. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Laboratory course covering topics in cell and molecular biology, such as protein folding, membrane potential, organelle function, cell signaling and fertilization; as well as associated methods, including microscopy, cell culture and PCR. Basic skills are emphasized in recitation and laboratory. Prereq: General cell biology with a grade of "C-" or higher or permission of instructor. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

Provides an introduction to the basic concepts of immunology, including development of the immune system, innate immunity, aspects of the adaptive immune system, and the role of the immune system in disease, as well as allergies and autoimmunity. Prereq:BIOL 3611and3832with a C- or higher. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611and3832with a grade of C- or higher

Lecture, laboratory, and required field trips. This course provides a general overview of the biology of mammals, including their diversity, distribution, economic importance, and other characteristics that make them of special interest to humans. Coverage will be worldwide, with special emphasis placed on the mammals of Colorado. Note: Students will not receive credit for this class if they have already received credit for BIOL 4640. Prereq:BIOL 3411with a grade of C- or higher. Max hours: 4 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

Covers all aspects of the biology of microorganisms: their cellular structures and function, growth and metabolism, general and molecular genetics, diversity and interactions with other organisms and the environment (ecology). The objective is to provide students with a thorough introduction to microbiology including basic micro-biological laboratory techniques. Note: This is a combined lecture and lab course. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring. Max hours: 5 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) ANDCHEM 2031(or 2081),CHEM 2038(or 2088),CHEM 2061(or 2091) and 2068(or 2098) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring.

内分泌系统的系统调查厕所ks at the cellular basis and biochemical characteristics of individual endocrine tissues. Their function in the regulation of other endocrinological, physiological, and behavioral events is analyzed. The course emphasizes the human system and complements studies in physiology, behavior and neurobiology. Prereq:BIOL 3611with a grade of C- or higher. Students will not earn credit for this course if they have already earned credit for BIOL 4674. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

Introduces statistical thinking in biology. Emphasizes data exploration and probability-based inference methods including estimation, testing, and confronting models with data. Concepts and examples for general and applied biology, including ecology and the health sciences. Includes exposure to statistical software. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) andMATH 1109, orMATH 1110, orMATH 1120, or 1130, or 1401, or 2411, or 2421 or 2830 with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring. Max hours: 4 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) andMATH 1109orMATH 1110orMATH 1120, or 1130, or 1401, or 2411, or 2421 or 2830 with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring.

Covers gamete development, fertilization, and embryo development including establishing body axes, tissue differentiation and organ formation. Note: Students will not earn credit forBIOL 3804if they have earned credit for BIOL 4054 and will not earn credit for BIOL 4054 if they have earned credit forBIOL 3804. Prereq: General cell biology with a grade of "C-" or higher. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

Introduces molecular, classical, developmental and population genetics. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Student will contribute to ongoing faculty or graduate student's lab or field-based investigation that makes an original intellectual or creative contribution to the discipline. Associated coursework includes scientific reading/writing/presentation(s). Prereq: Students must have completed one year of general biology with a grade of “C-” or higher and must submit a special processing form completely filled out and signed by the student and faculty member, describing the course expectations, assignments and outcomes, to the CLAS undergraduate advising office for approval. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Repeatable. Max hours: 6 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 6.

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Approved internships will provide opportunities to apply classroom knowledge in a professional environment and expand the student's knowledge of biology. Associated coursework includes scientific reading/writing and presentation(s). Prereq: BIOL 2051 or 2095 and BIOL 2061 or 2097 with a C or higher AND have junior level standing with a 2.75 GPA. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Repeatable. Max Hours: 9 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 9.

Prereq: BIOL 2051 or 2095 and BIOL 2061 or 2097 with a C or higher AND have junior level standing with a 2.75 GPA.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Introduces aspects of biotechnology within a historical context, including medical, forensic, agricultural and microbial biotechnology. Addresses principles behind state-of-the-field techniques in recombinant DNA technology, bioinformatics, proteomics and genomics. Biotechnology regulations and ethics will also be discussed. Prereq:BIOL 3832with a C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5024. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3832with a C- or higher

Examines current topics in the field of biology. Topics vary from term to term. See Schedule Planner for current topics. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5050. Repeatable. Max Hours: 8 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 8.

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

This combination seminar and lecture course focuses on state-of-field knowledge, current theories and recent models in selected areas of ecology, such as theoretical ecology, evolutionary ecology, population biology and ecosystems ecology. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, in order to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5052. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

The study of the underlying principles that influence the spatio-temporal patterns of infectious disease in environments. Students will apply ecological theories about concepts such as biodiversity, trophic interactions, landscape structure, and nutrient cycling to the study of disease. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, in order to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5053. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

This is an upper level undergraduate/graduate class providing an in-depth study of the history of virology, different types of viruses, viral disease, research to combat viral infections, and different uses of viruses in biotechnology. Note: Students will not earn credit for this course if they have already earned credit for BIOL 4051 or BIOL 5051. Prereq:BIOL 3611with a grade of C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5055. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

Builds on the foundations laid in the prerequisite courses. How alterations in membrane transport, autophagy, mitochondria, lysosomes, cilia, unfolded protein response and autophagy lead to major human diseases. A major emphasis is the control and integration of cellular activities. Prereq: General cell biology with a C- or higher. One semester of Biochemestry is strongly recommended for optimal student success. Cross-listed withBIOL 5064. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

Provides hands-on experiences in molecular biology and an appreciation for using the tools of molecular biology to study biological systems. Emphasis is placed on DNA cloning, PCR, mRNA and protein detection in the context of gene editing. Experimental design and the theories underlying the techniques are also discussed. Prereq:BIOL 3124with a C- or higher or Coreq:BIOL 3124. Cross-listed withBIOL 5125. Term offered: spring. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3124with a C- or higher or Coreq:BIOL 3124

Typically Offered: Spring.

Examines molecular techniques and their application to experimental genetics, specifically organization and mapping of genomes, application and model systems in defining hereditary components of disease, and mechanisms of identifying mutations and their implications for disease. Also addresses application of recombinant DNA technology. Prereq: Completion of Introduction to Molecular Biology with a C- or higher is required in order for students to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5126. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3124with a C- or higher

Literature-based course examining the regulation of gene expression in eukaryotic systems, as well as contemporary recombinant DNA technology and applications of molecular cloning techniques. Prereq:BIOL 3124with a C- or higher; biochemistry strongly recommended. Cross-listed with BIOL 5128. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3124with a C- or higher

Advanced survey of the current status of the field. Emphasis on understanding, diagnosis and treatment of genetic disease and on the impact of molecular biology on human genetics. Prereq: General genetics with a grade of "C-" or higher. Cross-listed with 5134. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3832with a grade of C- or higher

Provides an understanding of the relationship between pathogenic organisms and their host. Emphasis is placed on the area of medical bacteriology, with attention given to mechanisms of pathogenesis, genetics of disease, serology and treatment. Prereq: general microbiology with a grade of "C-" or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5144. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3654with a grade of C- or higher

Basic concepts and theories in ecology, population biology and genetics as they apply to issues relating to the preservation of biodiversity, such as the genetics of small populations, captive propagation, restoration ecology and the design of nature reserves. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, in order to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5154. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

Overview of neuroscience, covering the cellular basis of neuronal activity, muscle, sensory structures and the structure and function of the human brain. Prereq:BIOL 3611andPSYC 2220with a C- or higher ORBIOL 3225with a C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5165. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611andPSYC 2220with a C- or higher ORBIOL 3225with a C- or higher.

Explores how genome-wide data are collected and analyzed. Example applications include human disease, microbial evolution, ecological genomics, and parasite drug resistance. Students implement projects based on real DNA sequencing data. Prereq:BIOL 3832with a C- or higher.Cross-listed withBIOL 5225. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prerequisite:BIOL 3832with a C- or higher.

The proximate and ultimate mechanisms of animal behavior are analyzed using comparative animal examples from the scientific literature. Proximate mechanisms include genetic and physiological processes. Ultimate mechanisms include the role of natural and sexual selection in the evolution of behavior. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher. Genetics and human physiology are recommended. Cross-listed withBIOL 5250. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Lecture, lab and field trips. An in-depth study of flowering plants, including embryology, structure, function, reproduction, ecology and evolution of the group. Emphasis is placed upon morphology and anatomy at all stages of plant development. Prereq: One year of General Cell Biology (BIOL 3611) with a grade of "C-" or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5335. Max hours: 4 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

Lecture, lab and field trips. Introduces the vascular plant flora of Colorado, including ferns, gymnosperms and flowering plants. Emphasis on field identification of species representing a range of natural communities from grassland to alpine tundra, as well as non-natives. Field and herbarium techniques covered. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, in order to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5345. Max hours: 4 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

An in-depth study of ecology as it relates to microorganisms; abiotic and biotic interactions within microbial populations in macro- and microhabitats; and the role of microorganisms in maintaining steady state conditions in natural ecosystems. Emphasis is placed on how the ecology of microorganisms affects the human condition. Prereq: General microbiology with a grade of "C-" or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5415. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3654with a grade of C- or higher

An in-depth study of biological populations through analysis of geographic distribution patterns in space and time. Emphasis on how biogeography informs studies of evolution and ecology and on applied studies in conservation, sustainability, epidemiology, and disease dynamics. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, in order to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5425. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

Focuses on patterns of life and ecological interactions in space. Emphasis on drivers of patterns, practical application of spatial ecology software, programming, and introductory spatial statistics on the quantification of patterns. Main topics: Scale and scaling, pattern development, detecting and characterizing patterns, temporal dynamics, and implications of spatial structure to conservation biology, resilience, and ecosystem functioning. Cross-listed withBIOL 5430. Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

Text and literature-based course provides students with background knowledge concerning environmental toxins, the nature and extent of environmental contamination, and toxicant effects on individual organisms and populations. Prereq:BIOL 3611with a grade of C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5460. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

This course addresses the dynamic physiological changes associated with exercise. Where human physiology addresses physiological processes at rest, this course explores how the cardiovascular, respiratory, nervous and endocrine systems support increased energy transfer as skeletal muscle becomes more active. Prereq: Human Physiology (BIOL 3225or equivalent) with a grade of C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5464. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3225with a grade of C- or higher

Studies physiological, cellular and biochemical processes in human diseases. Mechanisms of inflammatory diseases, infectious diseases, neoplastic diseases, and others will be examined. Prereq:BIOL 3225orBIOL 3244with a grade of C- or higher. Cross-listed with BIOL 5475. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prerequisite:BIOL 3225orBIOL 3244with a C- or higher

Introduces the genetic processes underlying evolutionary change in microbial, plant and animal populations. Topics include: sources of variation, Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, population genetic structure, natural selection and other evolutionary forces, quantitative genetics and molecular phylogenetics. Emphasis on experimental data. Prereq: Completion of General Genetics and Introduction to Evolution with a C- or higher is required in order for students to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5494. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3832andBIOL 3445with a C- or higher

Lecture by faculty and student presentations cover mechanism of hormones and regulation of various cellular processes through second messenger systems. Prereq: General cell biology with a grade of "C-" or higher; one semester of biochemistry recommended. Cross-listed withBIOL 5550. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611with a C- or higher

An in-depth study of immunological concepts. Topics will vary from semester to semester and may range from specifics of immune cell responses to tolerance and autoimmunity. Delivery will include lecture, student presentations, and discussion. Prereq:BIOL 3621with a C- or higher. Cross-listed with BIOL 5622. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3621with a C- or higher

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in the United States. This course offers an overview of recent research into the causes, treatments and possible prevention of cancer. Includes a detailed look at the mechanisms of action of various oncogenes. Prereq:BIOL 3611andBIOL 3832with a C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5634. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3611andBIOL 3832with a C- or higher.

Advanced laboratory course in human anatomy. In-depth look at the structural aspects of the human body, emphasizing function. Models, microscope slides, and visual media will supplement cadaver-based dissections. Prereq: One year of general biology and human anatomy with a grade of "C-" (2.0) or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5644. Term offered: fall, spring. Max hours: 2 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3244with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring.

This course explores the physical, chemical, and biological (including human) properties of aquatic ecosystems, and how the interrelationships between these properties define and influence advanced ecological processes. Special focus is given to lakes, reservoirs, wetlands, streams, rivers, and groundwater. Learning is facilitated through lectures, discussions, student presentations, laboratory and data exercises, and periodic (often virtual) field excursions. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, in order to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5780,ENVS 4780, andENVS 5780. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

Advanced course in Biochemistry/Biophysics. Principles of Protein Folding, Structure-Function Relationship, and spectroscopic techniques related to characterization of these processes as applied to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Prereq: 1)BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041), and 2)CHEM 3810orCHEM 4810orCHEM 5810with a C- or higher. Coreq:PHYS 2020orPHYS 2331. Cross-listed withCHEM 4815,CHEM 5815, andBIOL 5815. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq: 1)BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041), and 2)CHEM 3810orCHEM 4810orCHEM 5810with a C- or higher. Coreq:PHYS 2020orPHYS 2331

Advanced course in biochemistry. An expanded study of selected topics in metabolism and how they relate to diseases, including inflammation, diabetes, obesity, and rare genetic disorders. Prereq: 1)BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041), and 2)CHEM 3810orCHEM 4810orCHEM 5810with a C- or higher. Coreq:PHYS 2020orPHYS 2331. Cross-listed withCHEM 4825,CHEM 5825, andBIOL 5825. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq: 1)BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041), and 2)CHEM 3810orCHEM 4810orCHEM 5810with a C- or higher. Coreq:PHYS 2020orPHYS 2331

Explores the biochemical and molecular aspects of cancer biology. Topics include DNA mutations and repair, gene regulation, oncogenes and tumor suppressors, stem cells and differentiation, and cancer drug development. Prereq: 1)BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041), and 2)CHEM 3810orCHEM 4810orCHEM 5810with a C- or higher. Coreq:PHYS 2020orPHYS 2331. Cross-listed withCHEM 4835,CHEM 5835, andBIOL 5835. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq: 1)BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041), and 2)CHEM 3810orCHEM 4810orCHEM 5810with a C- or higher. Coreq:PHYS 2020orPHYS 2331

Student will contribute to ongoing faculty or graduate student's lab or field-based investigation that makes an original intellectual or creative contribution to the discipline. Associated coursework includes scientific reading/writing/presentation(s). Note: Registration by special processing form only. Prereq: Students must have completed one year of general biology with a grade of “C-” or higher and must submit a special processing form completely filled out and signed by the student and faculty member, describing the course expectations, assignments and outcomes, to the CLAS undergraduate advising office for approval. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Repeatable. Max Hours: 12 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 12.

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041) with a C- or higher.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

A student designed lab or field-based investigation that involves data collection, and that makes an original intellectual or creative contribution to the discipline. Note: Students must submit a special processing form completely filled out and signed by the student and faculty member, describing the course expectations, assignments and outcomes, to the CLAS undergraduate advising office for approval. Term offered: fall, spring, summer. Repeatable. Max Hours: 6 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 6.

Typically Offered: Fall, Spring, Summer.

Field studies of individuals, populations and communities comprising a specified ecosystem. Emphasis on field identification of vascular plants and vertebrate animals. Topics include the physical environment, biotic and abiotic interactions, life history, ecological adaptations and biogeography. Note: Lectures and a week-long field trip. Prereq: Students must have completedBIOL 3411(Principles of Ecology) with a C- or higher, in order to enroll in this course. Cross-listed withBIOL 5910. Repeatable. Max hours: 6 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Repeatable. Max Credits: 6.

Prereq:BIOL 3411with C- or higher.

A capstone course that draws upon concepts from all fields of biology. Topics include the fossil record, mass extinctions, the historical development of the modern synthesis, principles and mechanisms of evolution, current viewpoints and controversies. Prereq:BIOL 3445and3832with a C- or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 5974. Max hours: 3 Credits.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 3445and3832with a grade of C- or higher

Introduces research in the biological sciences. Students read current scientific literature, attend related seminars and participate in discussions. This course offers students a chance to interact with visiting scientists, who will present state-of-the-field biological research in a seminar setting. Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040), andBIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041),BIOL 3411,BIOL 3445,BIOL 3611andBIOL 3832with a C- or higher. Restriction: Restricted to Senior standing or higher with an overall GPA of 3.0 or higher. Cross-listed withBIOL 6655. Max hours: 1 Credit.

Grading Basis: Letter Grade

Prereq:BIOL 2010(or 2061/2097/2030),BIOL 2011(or 2081/2098/2031),BIOL 2020(or 2051/2095/2040),BIOL 2021(or 2071/2096/2041),BIOL 3411,3445,3611andBIOL 3832with a C- or higher. Restriction: Senior standing or higher with GPA of 3.0 or higher.